The reliability of electronic systems lies in the fact that it can store and retrieve accurate data. Since the data storing elements, memories perform an essential role in space application. The space radiation cause error in the data saved in the memory. As technology advances and cell interval distance decrease, the memory cell area is getting reduced, and more cells get affected by this space radiation. Existing error-correcting codes can use for correcting up to 4-bit burst errors. I propose a technique that extends quadruple adjacent error correction codes with convolutional interleaving to improve reliability. The interleaving and deinterleaving procedure of the proposed method is illustrated with an example. The encoders, decoders, interleaver and deinterleaver implemented using VHDL in Xilinx ISE Design Suit 14.7. The simulation result shows that a burst error that affects more than four adjacent bits can be corrected using the proposed method.

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Machine Learning is a field that is used in every system. Machine learning is used in educational system, In pattern recognition, Games, Industries. In education system its importance becomes more because of the future of the students. Education data mining is very useful disciplines, because the amount of data in education system is increasing day by day .in higher education is relatively new but its importance increases because of increasing database. There are many approach for measuring students’ performance .K-means is one of most efficient and used method .With the help of data mining the hidden information in the database is get out which help for improvement of students’ performance. Decision tree is also a method used to predict the students’ performance. In recent years, the biggest challenges that Educational institutions are facing the more growth of data and to use this data to improve the quality so it can take better decisions. Clustering is one of the basic techniques often used in analyzing data sets. This study makes use of cluster analysis to segment students in to groups according to their characteristics. Unsupervised algorithm like K-means is discussed. Education data mining is used to study the data available in education field to bring the hidden data i.e. important and useful information from it. With the help of these it is easy to improve the result and future of students.

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Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have become a new information collection and monitoring solution for a variety of applications. Faults occurring to sensor nodes are common due to the sensor device itself and the unfavorable environmental conditions where the sensor nodes are deployed. In order to ensure the network quality of service it is necessary for the WSN to be able to detect the faults and take necessary actions to avoid further degradation of the network or the system. This paper presents a survey of various fault models developed for the fault detection and diagnosis. We discussed various fault detection techniques mainly focused on the areas of cooling, temperature and sensor readings respectively. We also discussed the diagnosis techniques required for the recovery of the fault in the network. In this project, the wireless networking system is used in the form of sensors for the purpose to find out the variation in the dimensions of the product. These variations are calculated by using Ultrasonic Distance Sensor and the data has been calculated or diagnosis has been done by using Arduino. The infrared proximity sensor is used to detect the exact location of metal product. Also a pneumatic actuator helps for the sorting of faulty products.

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Highly efficient arithmetic operations are necessary to realize the specified performance in many real-time systems and digital image processing applications. In all these applications, one among the important arithmetic operations frequently performed is to multiply and accumulate with small computational time. In this, a serial parallel multiplier is presented. A serial-parallel multiplier is employed for accelerating applications like digital filters, artificial neural networks, and other machine earning algorithms. The simulation is based on VLSI technology. A multiplexer circuit is used as decision maker so that throughput and latency are improved for a subset of multiplier values. Coding can be done using VHDL and simulation can be verified using Xilinx ISE Design Suite. This method presents a decision maker block. The proposed method can reduce the hardware and ensure the results along with area compaction and high speed. High speed and low power MAC unit is utmost requirement of today is VLSI systems and digital signal processing applications like FFT, Finite impulse response filters, convolution etc. To reduce significant power consumption it is good to scale back the amount of operation thereby reducing dynamic power which may be a major a part of total power consumption. So the need of high speed and low power multiplier has increased.

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With the cutting edge improvement of innovation in all circles of life, the advanced instructor cannot manage without it. Innovation in instruction is an absolute necessity center subject for any cutting edge educator. In spite of the fact that it has its benefits and faults, its upon the educator to build up his aptitudes in recognizing, choosing, creating, using and putting away of current innovative educating and learning assets that are getting mandatory to use in class. In this paper, we will talk about the diverse innovative instruments that a cutting edge educator can use to supplement his teaching. Csikszentmihalyis stream hypothesis was utilized to show the significance utilizing innovation in the homeroom.

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Ad-hoc mobile networking is a active research area. They can be used in agriculture for monitoring and control of environment parameters in the form of wireless sensor network. The aim of this project is performance evaluation of protocol of this Ad-hoc network. The performance evaluation is done by normal AODV protocol. Quos stands for Quality of Service. The research proposed some enhancement to the AODV protocol for Rural & Urban Area to provide Quos. This project focuses on different parameters namely Throughput, Good put, Instantaneous Delay, Packet Delivery Ratio, Packet Loss. Performance of the AODV Protocol for Quos is Evaluated with respect to above parameters using network simulator 3 without downgrading its main functionality & generated graphs for Rural, Urban area using APP Tool Master Kit.

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Blockchain implies square which contains the data. This innovation is utilized for high security reason, which accepts to be the following unrest of the web. Blockchain can be thought of as a larger idea that incorporates a wide range of advancements and applications. The financial parts have been reported to utilize this innovation by 2030. Blockchain stores data over the system in PCs making them decentralized as well as circulated. This implies no focal organization; each and everybody can assemble ones own framework, which assists with utilizing it. This is significant, in light of the fact that it makes hard for anybody to bring down the organize or degenerate it. The people groups who are running the framework utilize their PCs to hold the heap of records put together by others known as squares, in a sequential chain. A type of computerized money is called bit coin. Individuals from everywhere throughout the world assistance to move the computerized cash by approving other piece coin exchange with their PC. Bit coin utilizes the square chain by following records of responsibility for computerized money. Thus, just a single individual can be the proprietor at once and the money cannot be spent twice, similar to fake cash in physical world. In any case, bit coin is only a start for square chain in future. Square chain is utilized in numerous fields for casting a ballot, emergency clinics, E-business, music and so forth.

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Refrigerators are energy consuming home appliances and for this reason researchers are performed to enhance performance work of the refrigeration systems. Most of research work done so far deals with an objective of low energy consumption and refrigeration enchantment. Thermoelectric refrigeration is one of the method to produce refrigeration effect. This project demonstrates how far thermoelectric refrigeration can be modified to produce refrigeration effect with low power input and high cooling effect. In this project a portable thermoelectric (Peltier) cooler is designed and fabricated for multipurpose use (Like beverage cooling, water cooling, and milk storage). It is operated on USB with low power, it is portable in nature, compact in seize. This project carries out cooling effect analysis, FEA steady state heat transfer analysis in ANSYS software on PET water bottle material with heat transfer plates, thermal insulation jacket. Power consumption of TEC device is experimented and calculated with practical model on DC-DC boost converter.

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Health examination has played an important role for maintaining peoples health since it can not only help people understand their own health conditions clearly but also avoid missing the best timing of disease treatment. However, in current health examination systems, people get only a basic report from single health examination and no advanced health risk analysis is provided. However, due to the lack of experienced doctors and physicians, most healthcare organizations cannot meet the medical demand of public. Due to that public want the Medical Treatment online with accuracy. Now a days, public has no time to get the doctor physically, and then search the online hospital near about the current location. With the widespread use of hospital information system, there is huge amount of generated data which can be used to improve healthcare service. Thus, more and more data mining applications are developed to provide people more customized healthcare service. In the proposed paper we use different algorithm to increase the security of sensitive information of hospital management includes doctors, patients and so on.

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Innovation has changed the organizations are done and in the course of the last couple of years. Sector-wise, innovation is riding the pony of fortune and directing organizations to productive development, easily. There is a developing need to utilize Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the Indian banking Sector is bit by bit moving itself towards utilizing AI. On the off chance that one discussions about the banking area, the reception has been progressive, when contrasted with different divisions. This can be expected to the truth that banking is as yet a labor drove division, with activities that require human contribution .Yet the Indian Banking segment comprehends the need to chop down expense and the use on excess undertakings. The Indian financial division is investigating the ways by which it can outfit the intensity of AI to improve the procedures and upgrade the Customer Service in the since quite a while ago run. The paper tries to investigate the territories where the AI is being utilized in the Banking Sector what is more, its suggestion in the top banks in India.

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This paper describes the effect of heavy metals in drinking water. The level of heavy metal contamination in various water sources as ground surface, tap water etc. collected from various water origins of particular area in the research work. The determination of the (concentration of) heavy metals found in their research work were as Cd, Cr, Pb, Hg, Zn. The concentrations determined were more than the maximum admissible and desirable limit when compared wih the National and International Organizations like WHO (2008), USEPA, EUC, EPA. This concentrated water samples are not suitable for drinking purposes unless it is treated with the water agencies. If water from these origins are taken for drinking purposes, the physiological effects (damages) to human health.

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Nowadays securing data in the cloud is a major challenge while transferring information in an open-source. Data is a collection of information and it can be stored in a storage area. Cloud is a temporary storage area used to store the information and it can be easily accessible by the users. Even though accessing data can be done easily but security is an important issue in the cloud storage area. In this survey paper, we discussed the security of data in the cloud in various fields. Therefore many techniques like Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), Data Encryption Standard (DES), Hybrid Encryption and Decryption, Homomorphic encryption, and Symmetric & Asymmetric encryption and decryption are used to secure the data and its privacy.

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We investigated the concurrent production of electrical influence and wastewater slurry recycling by microbial fuel cells. The syrup are amount of two chambers, each with an estimated volume of 5 liters, which were attached by salt bridge. The graphitic anode was fix in one chamber, which was full with wastewater slurry from industrial area. After that we placed ALUMINIUM cathode second chamber. The most essential limits such as voltage and amperage were measured during 9 days; the extreme standards obtained were 1944V and 1915mA. Crystal fabric was selected as the material for PEM.

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The automotive industry is investing more time and money to develop better vehicle safety systems. They aim to improve passenger safety in the car. Newer devices are being employed to decrease the effect transferred to the passenger in case of a collision. Our project is going to discuss about one such device. We will identify different materials and designs to achieve this while keeping the cost to a minimum. The main aspect of the research has been to find the optimal evolution of kinetic energy during a front impact. We will present an idea of the device for a light motor vehicle. Such that it can be fixed in front of the car to decrease the effect passed on to the chassis hence increase occupant safety in case of a collision.

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Machine Learning approaches are helpful & have well-tried to be helpful in resolution issues & technical problems that lack data. In most cases, the package domain issues may be characterized as a method of learning that depends on the assorted circumstances and changes of the technical issue being addressed in keeping with the principles of machine learning, a prophetic model is made by exploitation machine learning approaches and classified into defective and non-defective modules. Machine learning techniques facilitate developers to retrieve helpful data when the classification of kinds of technical problems being addressed in an exceedingly specific field. This successively permits them to analyze knowledge from totally different views, which may be used because of the formation base of constructive concepts & varied techniques to handle the technical problems.

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Ethical hacking-otherwise called infiltration testing or interruption testing or red joining has become a significant worry for organizations and governments. Organizations are stressed over the chance of being "hacked" and potential clients are stressed over keeping up control of individual data. [1] This paper portrays Ethical programmers: their abilities, their perspectives, and how they approach helping their clients find and stop up security gaps. The Ethical hacking process is clarified, alongside a considerable lot of the difficulties and openings in the field of Ethical hacking.

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This paper presents the long-term behaviour of bridges constructed by segmental cantilever construction due to the time-dependent effects of creep and shrinkage of concrete and relaxation of prestressing steel. Time-dependent effects of creep and shrinkage of concrete and relaxation of prestressing steel affect the deformation of post-tensioned segmental bridges at each stage of construction and service life. These effects have to be considered at every stage to ensure effective control of the girder profile. The analysis of typical segmental bridge has been done for evaluating the long-term deformation due to time-dependent effects. Numerical studies have been performed to show the effect of various parameters on the long-term deformation. The effect of construction schedule on the bridge profile is also presented. The variation of bending moment diagram with time after the completion of construction of the bridge has also been presented. External prestressing as a solution for controlling long-term deformations and stresses has been discussed.

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So as to encourage the presentation of transmit following and appearance time forecast in littler tranasit offices, we search an Andriod-based framework which we call Tracker. To utilize tracker, a travel organization ought to acquire cell phones, introduce an application, and place a telephone or GPS in each travel vehicle. We will probably require no other info. This degree of robotization is conceivable because of a lot of calculations that utilization GPS follows gathered from instrumented travel vehicles to choose courses served, discover stops, and derive plans. The essential data to most city transport transports is appearance time. It frequently dampen the travelers for unreasonably standing by prolonged stretch of time at transport stops and makes them unwilling to take the open vehicle, explorers. To empower the traveler to follow the vehicle or transport an electronic gadget is set up in a vehicle is known as Vehicle global positioning framework. This paper recommend a transport appearance time expectation utilizing GPS, GSM innovation. It would fill in as robbery security framework and economical wellspring of vehicle following. It is a framework utilizing GPS (Worldwide Positioning System), GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication) and Microcontroller for following the explorers. The genuine time co-ordinates acquired from the GPS gadget will persistently screen a moving vehicle and report the situation of the vehicle on solicitation to travelers. The GPS/GSM unit is fix on the transport sends the information to the focal checking framework utilizing the GSM module and show transport area name on the LCD. The status i.e Latitude and Longitude of a vehicle from far off spot is sent by the GSM module to the Server and afterward the server computes the entrance time of the transport and sends to the mentioned client through GSM module. A continuous vehicle global positioning framework utilizes a worldwide situating framework (GPS) innovation module to get the area of the vehicle, to advance into microcontroller and to interface arrange by an overall bundle radio help (GPRS) innovation for showing a constant on the site or android map created by Google Map which permits assessment of vehicles consistently. There are the GPS and GPRS modules, the GPS module will unearth the vehicles by means of the satellite, and will unite all information and divert it to the web application on understudys gadget by a controller. Here the framework is handle by a transport in control. It can inform understudies for a few transport courses, plans, transport area, and so on. It likewise send notice to the understudies when information is refreshed. Framework likewise forestall to enter an unapproved understudies in transport.

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Microgrids (MGs) are starting the enormous number of chances for the eventual fate of distribution units. Disseminated age assets (DERs, for example, sun based, wind, consolidated warmth and power, vitality stockpiling, and so forth are tie up with the microgrid or distribution grid (DG) which can be utilized for improving the power quality. Disseminated age and microgrid are the most difficulties to the power system network. This incorporates the strength, unwavering quality, expanding power request and power quality issues in power system. With the developing power request and expanding utilization of sustainable power sources, the customary power grid network additionally is advancing into an intuitive and astute grid network and prompting the rise of the idea of Smart Grid. Reasonably, a Smart Grid network can be viewed as comprising of keen foundation, savvy observing and assurance system and shrewd control and the board system to fulfill the power need just as lessen the vitality utilization and expenses. In any case, there are many related issues like Voltage Control, Frequency control, Harmonic twisting control, Power quality control, Reactive power remuneration control, Synchronization control, System steadiness and dependability control, Energy stockpiling, Seamless exchange between grid associated mode and islanded model, Balance among gracefully and request, Micro source issues, Communication among microgrid parts with the keen grids out of which voltage control is the critical control issue. This paper audits different philosophies and systems for voltage control in Smart Grids and presents their arrangements into various classes dependent on the writing review.

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This Paper highlights the development of Truck industry which is a major source of transportation. With an average truck travelling about 300 kilometers per day, every kilogram of truck weight is of concern to the industry in order to get the best out of the truck. The main objective of this project is to increase the payload capacity of automotive truck load body. Every kilogram of increased vehicle weight will decrease the vehicle payload capacity in turn increasing the manufacturing cost and reducing the fuel economy by increase in the fuel consumption. With the intension of weight reduction, standard truck body has been designed in Catia V5-21 and analyzed in ANSYS software. At the initial stage we are using both C-Section beams and conventional rectangular box sections to reduce the weight of the body. We are using Structural Steel and Light-weight Aluminum alloy Al 6061 T6 material by comparing both properties used to increase the payload capacity. The strength of the Truck platform is monitored in terms of deformation and stress concentration. These parameters will be obtained in structural analysis test condition environment. Accordingly necessary modifications are done so that the optimized model has a better stress distribution and much lesser weight compared to the conventional model. The results obtained by analyzing modified model are compared with standard model.

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In this project, the main objective is to let the student make their own project based on their own idea. We have to make a small model of weight distribution of trailer to study the various effects and loads acts on trailer. The main purpose is to reduce the swaying while applying load during running condition. This weight distribution system is used to decrease sag at the back of the vehicle when a trailer is attached and to transfer the tongue weight of the trailer to the vehicle and trailer axles, making the hitch able of higher trailer towing capacities. A weight distribution system should be used every time the trailer weight is greater than 50 percent of the tow vehicle weight. We have to show the weight distribution concept in small model. A vehicle which relies on gravity in several ways, weight distribution directly affects a variety of characteristics including handling, acceleration, grip, and parts life. For this reason, weight distribution varies with the vehicles proposed usage. For example, drag cars capitalize on traction at the rear axle while countering the reactionary pitch-up torque. It generates this counter-torque by placing a small amount of counterweight at a great distance forward of the rear axle. Through project we have to show the concept of weight distribution for better and easy to understand, to know what the actual purpose is, the main advantage of this system is to reduced swaying.

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This paper presents the disclosures of an assessment concerning the display of bamboo fortified strong shafts in flexure. Bamboo has social, monetary and social significance and is used comprehensively for building materials close by thousands livelihoods. It is significantly versatile rough material for different works. “The bamboo is light weight, versatile, extraordinary, high manageable, unassuming material than the other structure materials like steel.” Bamboo can be used in various structure works. Bamboo structures are versatile, tremor sheltered, light weight and humble. Bamboo can be used as fortress in various helper people. “Bamboo is a green material for acceptable unforeseen development and has diverse central focuses. Usage of bamboo may be progressed for green structures and reasonable unforeseen development.” The improvement business is the essential purchaser of imperativeness and materials in numerous countries.” The “journey for reasonable unforeseen development, defined as progress that tends to the issues of the present without dealing the limit of individuals later on to address their own issues has become a noteworthy issue when endeavoring to address the troubles in giving suitable housing to the routinely extending all out people. To manufacture the proportion of information concerning bamboo a couple of viable investigation programs have been done since 1979 at PUC-Rio and in Brazil. Vegetable fibres can be used either alone or as help in different sorts of systems, for instance, soil and solid composites.

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Nanoindentation is an appropriate technique to study the behavior of the materials at the nanoscale. Carbon nanotubes are allotropies of carbon with outstanding mechanical properties. Young’s modulus is one such property dealing with its elastic behavior. Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotubes (VANCT’S) are a cluster of carbon nanotubes that are grown during the synthesis of carbon nanotubes. Nanoindentation can be used to characterize the mechanical properties of VACNT’S. Alternately, numerical techniques such as Finite Element Modeling (FEM) can be used to simulate such a process to know the physics and mechanics of VANCT’s. In the present work, continuum modeling has been used to simulate nanoindentation into vertically aligned carbon nanotubes. The load-displacement curves are obtained as the output of numerical simulation.

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The main aim is to propose a different method for measuring and billing of the energy consumed rather the conventional method. Here a new procedure is followed based on ATmega 328P microcontroller for controlling and detecting energy consumed. The energy meters used now-a-days are modified version of the older system, the digital meters doesn’t have a prepaid system, where the power to be consumed is estimated prior to its usage and recharged, similar to that of a prepaid talk time for mobile. It is possible to recharge the electricity balance through this system just by sending SMS. It also continuously reads the energy meter reading and automatically sends some updates like low-balance alert, zero-balance alert, recharge alert when necessary to the registered number through GSM modem, illegal usage of power is detected and alert message sent to the authorities immediately.

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A very important facet upon which a nation’s economy is considered growing, stagnant, or declining is its net energy production. Since the advent of electrical energy production on a global scale, the biggest question that arises is whether the energy being produced is used judiciously. Electrical energy generation is a trillion-dollar industry expected to make noticeable advancements towards energy production in sustainable and environmentally friendly ways. India as a developing nation has been able to quench its thirst for electrical energy to a large extent since the development of a large number of hydro-electricity generation projects. As of 2019, India was 0.6% short of its energy demand but is expected to become an energy surplus nation by the end of the decade still, power shortages are still prevalent and commonplace in the country. This study aims at optimizing the electrical energy consumption of a hypothetical building set in the Indian metropolis of Ahmadabad using Energy Model Simulation Software by implementing changes in orientation of the structure which is considered a critical aspect of passive solar architecture.

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