Plant tissue culture is very important for our future because Plant tissue culture broadly refers to the in vitro cultivation of all plants parts, whether a single cell, tissue or organ under aseptic condition .The under lying principles involved in plant tissue culture are very simple. Firstly, a plant part from the intact plant & its inner  organ/inner tissue is isolated. Secondly, it is necessary to provide the plant part with an appropriate environment in which it can express its intrinsic or induced potential . This means that a suitable culture medium & proper culture conditions must be provided finalily ,the above procedures must be carried out aseptically.

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The detection of the facial expression is extremely difficult for the computer to perform as it lacks the effective evolutionary understanding that is achieved by the human brain. The large scale research in image processing has been led to considerable increase in the computational and time complexities. There is a lack of a prescribed approach that integrates the diverse Internet of Things platform with the machine learning paradigm to achieve skin detection for facial expression identification. The machine learning approaches are highly useful in the determination of the facial expression. The facial expression detection approaches utilize the following techniques to detect the face and the expression, patch based detection methods, feature based geometric methods, local or global based techniques, edge based facial area recognition and the texture based techniques. These approaches are able to extract the features of the facial images, which is a complex procedure that can be highly taxing for the hardware in use. These large complexities can be manages with high efficiency through The prominent approaches have been useful in achieving the goals through the various techniques for the facial expression detection, such as, RFID based, neural networks and mood sensitivity based approaches. the implementing of the machine learning techniques. There have been multiple researches for the purposes of enabling human emotion detection through facial expressions have been elaborated effectively for the purpose of achieving our approach. The methodology for this system utilizes skin detection and Recurrent Neural Networks along with decision tree for effective emotion identification. The approach will be elaborated further in the upcoming editions of this research.

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This paper clarifies the working standards, supported by simulation results, of another converter topology proposed for HVDC application, called the Alternate Arm Converter (AAC). It is hybrid between the multilevel converter, as a result of the presence of H-bridge cells, and the 2-level converter, as chief switches in each arm. This converter can create a multi-level AC voltage and, since its heaps of cells comprise of H-connect cells rather than halfbridge cells, they can produce higher AC voltage than the DC terminal voltage. This permits the AAC to work at an ideal point, called the "sweet spot", where the AC and DC energy streams equivalent. The chief switches in the AAC are answerable for rotating the conduction time of each arm, prompting a critical decrease in the quantity of cells in the stacks. Moreover, the AAC can keep control of the current in the stage reactor even if there should arise an occurrence of a DC-side deficiency and backing the AC lattice, through a STATCOM mode. Recreation results and misfortune counts are introduced in this paper to help the asserted highlights of the AAC.

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The problem about checking attendant is the main problem of teacher in nowadays. In order to solve this problem, Many systems have been completely changed due to this evolve to achieve more accurate results. However, in my study, these study still lack of the efficiency about correct the face and students cannot verify or pose to edit the data when there is error in class. With this reason, this research aims to develop the facing attendant system to be more effective and the mechanic of the system which students can easily verify. The experiment of this research is to find the way to recognize the face by using the technique of Android Face Recognition with Deep Learning which can correctly recognize up to 97%. The database is connected to Attendance Management System web server by using cloud storage. The result on screen in real time on the application so that students can verify and check data.

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A Personal Identification Number (PIN) is an arrangement of digits that affirms the character of an individual when it is effectively introduced. The development of PIN validation is an aftereffect of its constant utilization for quite a long time in a wide scope of regular daily existence applications, similar to cell phones and banking frameworks. PIN verification is defenseless to animal power or in any event, speculating assaults. IPIN utilizes the strategy of half breed pictures to mix two keypads with various digit orderings in such a manner, that the client who is near the gadget is seeing one keypad to enter her PIN, while the assailant who is taking a gander at the gadget from a greater distance is seeing just the other keypad. To beat houlder-riding assaults on verification plots by proposing Illusion PIN (IPIN), a PIN-put together validation strategy that works with respect to contact screen gadgets. The client's keypad is rearranged in each verification endeavor since the assailant may retain the spatial game plan of the squeezed digits. The perceivability calculation frames the center of our work and we might want to analyze whether it tends to be utilized to survey the perceivability of pictures other than cross breed keypads. Perceivability calculation could be utilized to survey the perceivability of general pictures, however its boundaries must be suitably tuned for the specific main job.

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Most of previous image fusion methods aim at obtaining as many as information from the different modality images. The fusion criterion is to minimize different error between the fused image and the input images. With respect to the medical diagnosis, the edges and outlines of the interested objects is more important than other information. How to preserve the edge like features is worthy of investigating for medical image fusion. The image with higher contrast contains more edge-like features. We proposed a new medical image fusion scheme based on an improved discrete wavelet coefficient contrast. Multimodality medical image fusion has drawn lots of attention with the increasing rate at which multimodality medical images are available in many clinic application fields. Radiotherapy plan, for instance, often benefits from the complementary information in images of different modalities. Dose calculation is based on the computed tomography (CT) data, while tumor outline is often better performed in the corresponding magnetic resonance (MR) image. CT provides the better information on denser tissue with less distortion, while MRI offers better information on soft tissue with more distortion. With more available multimodality medical images in clinic application, the idea of encompassing different image information comes up very important, and medical image fusion has been emerging as a new and promising research area. The goal of image fusion is to obtain useful complementary information from multimodality images as much as possible.

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Crime analysis and prevention is a systematic way of identifying and analyzing popular patterns and methods. Our system can predict regions with the highest risk of crime. With the proliferation of computer programs, crime data analysts can help law enforcement speed up the process of solving crime. Using the data concept mining can extract previously unknown, useful information from random data. The data mining process that can help solve crime faster. Instead of focusing on the causes of crime as the crime scene of the offender, political hostility etc. we focus mainly on everyday criminal activities.

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Inverters are a big a part of a sophisticated electrical force framework, as they convert DC electrical into AC electric-power. In sure applications, inverters with electrical protection (confined inverters) are likeable thanks to the necessity for coming up with opportunity, security, and completely different reasons. Be that as it may, each conventional isolated inverter has a portion of the accompanying disadvantages: hard-switching in semiconductor devices, high circling current, helpless transformer usage, and high intricacy. Inverters are a big a part of a sophisticated electrical force framework, as they convert DC electrical into AC electric-power. In sure applications, inverters with electrical protection (confined inverters) are liked as a result of the need for coming up with opportunity, security, and completely different reasons An inverter addicted to associate degree series resonant device is by all accounts a solution on the grounds that the arrangement resonant device is thought for being easy and highly efficient. Nonetheless, there still can't seem to be a legitimate balance strategy for it. Consequently, the principle involvement of this exposition is to propose a cross breed balance technique. With the projected technique, the electrical converter will work with high productivity. Besides, the exhausting switching is all around stifled, which suggests a high frequency, compact design is conceivable. On the other hand the idea of the projected strategy, this paper in addition incorporates an influence loss model, associate degree instrumentation set up system, and analytic comparisons with completely different techniques. Also, a processed thanks to deal with management the electrical converter is proposed.

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There is a large amount of demolished waste generated every year in India and other developing countries. Demolished waste includes concrete blocks that can be recycled into stone aggregates through pre-screening, crushing, screening, and separating of aggregates. In order to promote the reuse of construction waste, it is necessary to achieve the three basic concepts: (1) Assurance of safety and quality, (2) Decrease of environmental impact, (3) Decrease of cost-effectiveness of construction. The experimental investigations are carried out to evaluate the effect of partial replacement of coarse aggregate by demolished waste on compressive strength and workability of demolished concrete. We have taken demolished concrete (recycled aggregates) in the ratio of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% by the weight of the coarse aggregates. The concrete cubes were casted by that recycled aggregates then further tests were conducted such as workability, compressive strength on that demolished concrete. Therefore, the test results obtained are found to be comparable with standard or conventional concrete.

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Cloud storage platforms promise a convenient way for users to share files and engage in collaborations, yet they require all files to have a single owner who unilaterally makes access control decisions. Existing clouds are, thus, agnostic to the notion of shared ownership. This can be significant limitation in much collaboration because, for example, one owner can delete files and revoke access without consulting the other collaborators. In this project, a Blowfish algorithm is proposed which is a symmetric encryption algorithm, meaning that it uses the same secret key to both encrypt and decrypt messages. Proposed Blowfish is also a block cipher, meaning that it divides a message up into fixed length blocks during encryption and decryption. Here, first formally define a notion of shared ownership within a file access control model. Then propose two possible instantiations of our proposed shared ownership model. Unlike Commune, Comrade requires that the cloud is able to translate access control decisions that reach consensus in the block chain into storage access control rules, thus requiring minor modifications to existing clouds.

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Twitter is a social media platform where one can express his/her views by tweeting about the current and also various issues and events happening in our society. The tweets limit is 280 characters. Twiiter has been very influential in making people understand and also express their views among the activities happening in and around our societies. Twitter is so powerful that it has majorly influenced various events happening around the world. This paper mainly relates to the problem of emotion analysis in case of various tweets. We basically analyze the tweet emotion and accordingly are displayed and visualized using streamlit library. It mainly divides tweets into positive, negative and neutral emotion.

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This thesis is majorly focuses on the situation of the urban villages of Bhopal. Urban villages have evolved and transformed over the period of time and still has intact culture and tradition of villages but developing themselves in the race of urbanization. The housing market in these urban villages of Bhopal is attracting majority classes of people to find an accommodation in the city. They are hubs for students, newly migrated, single working males and females and labor class. Urban villages plays very important role in the functioning of the city by providing the accommodation to the people of Bhopal as well as migrating people. The density of urban villages is much higher than other colonies and gradually increasing. Urban villages covered the 38.3% land of the Bhopal city but provide the accommodation to more than 60% of people. These urban villages are surviving and degrading due to the:
- Commercial activities in and around the settlements.
- Affordable and cheaper accommodation for everyone, providing housing for low-income group, single families and students.
- PG's for students and transformation of houses.
- Increase in density and multi-story constructions and thus lack of light and
- ventilation, open spaces, parking space, unhygienic conditions and increased load on infrastructure.
- Haphazard growth and unplanned settlements.
- Variety of people with different standards of living.
- Social interaction and sense of security.
- Developing slum like conditions.
- Role of small builders is increasing in sale and purchase and rental accommodations.
Urban growth in India has faced unpredicted pressure and urbanization marks its impact at every part of our environment. Increasing migration, major shifts to tertiary occupation and increasing stress on limited resources are some of the many challenges.

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In our present study an attempt is carried out to design a water treatment plant for Chikkamagaluru town Water available on the surface of earth as various sources contains lots of impurities in it which has to be brought to the permissible standards prior to its distribution, the objective is attained by subjecting water to various treatments in water treatment plant. After performing water quality analysis collected from Yagachi reservoir and using population data of chikkamagaluru town the various water treatment units like Reservoir Intake, Cascade Aerator, Circular Sedimentation Tank, Clariflocculator and Rapid Sand Filter, Disinfection unit have been designed.

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Hand signal acknowledgment is extremely for human-PC collaboration. In this work, we present a novel continuous strategy for hand motion recognition. The proposed framework is vision based, which uses AI procedures and contributions from a PC webcam. Vision based motion acknowledgment following and motion acknowledgment In our system, the hand area is separated from the foundation with the foundation deduction strategy. At that point, fingers are fragmented in order to identify and perceive the fingers. At long last, a standard classifier is applied to foresee the names of hand gestures. The investigates the informational collection of 1500 pictures show that our calculation performs well and is profoundly efficient. Moreover, our strategy shows preferable execution over a condition of-craftsmanship technique on another informational index of hand gestures. We apply haarcascade calculation to distinguish the hand motions.

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Around the world the awareness is growing for the increasing of the plastic waste in our ocean and it is highly dangerous for our ecosystem and for the health of our own. The total majority of the plastic in the ocean i.e., (80%-90%) of waste comes from the Land, via rivers and canals. The plastic waste is thrown into the water and transported directly straight to sea without any barrier to stop it from mixing it in sea. Currently barrier system that are available usually not only block the plastic but also, they block ships and aquatic life, therefore they are not so good to fix the waste problem. In Amsterdam, Netherland group of engineers found the solution to not only stop the waste but also oxygenate the water and without having the ship traffic to occur, this project is called “The Great Bubble Barrier”. It uses a bubble barrier: a bubble made barrier of compress air. The bubble acts as barrier and stop the waste to flow through it before reaching into the oceans. The bubble produce does not harm any marine life it is easy to go through it for them and also the ship traffic due to bubble barrier is none. Due to air bubble it’s also reduce the CO2 contain in the water which makes the ecosystem and aquatic life was water bodies great. It also recovers a valuable resource and brings it back into the plastic value chain, reducing the need for virgin plastic materials in the future.

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Generally, buildings are designed taking into account only the gravity loads. Also, the current design seismic codes are not fully practiced while designing a building. Hence, a higher degree of damage may be expected during an earthquake if the seismic resistance of the building is inadequate. This work is concerned with the effects of various vertical irregularities on the seismic response of a structure. The objective of the project is to carry out the seismic analysis of vertically irregular RC building frames in different seismic zones as per IS 1893:2016. Comparison of the results of analysis of irregular structures with regular structure was done. The scope of the project also includes the evaluation of response of structures subjected to high, low and intermediate frequency content earthquakes using equivalent static analysis. Three types of irregularities namely mass irregularity, stiffness irregularity and vertical geometry irregularity were considered. The mass irregular structures were observed to experience larger base shear than similar regular structures. The stiffness irregular structure experienced lesser base shear and has larger inter-storey drifts. The absolute displacements obtained from static analysis of geometry irregular structure at respective nodes were found to be greater than that in case of regular structure for upper stories but gradually as we moved to lower stories displacements in both structures tended to converge. Lower stiffness results in higher displacements of upper stories. In case of a mass irregular structure, analysis gives slightly higher displacement for upper stories than that in regular structures whereas as we move down lower stories show higher displacements as compared to that in regular structures. When analysis was done for regular as well as stiffness irregular structure, it was found that displacements of upper stories did not vary much from each other but as we moved down to lower stories the absolute displacement in case of soft storey were higher compared to respective stories in regular structure. Tall structures were found to have low natural frequency hence their response was found to be maximum in a low frequency earthquake. It is because low natural frequency of tall structures subjected to low frequency earthquake leads to resonance resulting in larger displacements. If a high rise structure (low natural frequency) is subjected to high frequency ground motion then it results in small displacements. Similarly, if a low rise structure (high natural frequency) is subjected to high frequency ground motion it results in larger displacements whereas small displacements occur when the high rise structure is subjected to low frequency ground motion. The analysis proves that irregularities are harmful for the structures and it is important to have simpler and regular shapes of frames as well as uniform load distribution around the building. Therefore, as far as possible irregularities in a building must be avoided. But, if irregularities have to be introduced for any reason, they must be designed properly following the conditions of IS 13920:1993. The complex shaped buildings are now days getting popular, but they carry a risk of sustaining damages during earthquakes. Therefore, such buildings should be designed properly taking care of their dynamic behaviour.

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In this paper, we have shown you how to make your home a centrifuge by using sensors using a wireless network in the present age we are trying to explain how we can control the lights, fan, T.V in the house using an automated system. It uses a very simple graphical user interface that is easy for the user to understand.

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Response Surface Methodology (RSM) is a collection of mathematical and statistical techniques useful for analyzing experiments where the yield is believed to be influenced by one or more controllable factors. Box and Hunter (1957) introduced rotatable designs in order to explore the response surfaces. The analogue of Box-Hunter rotatability criterion is a requirement that the variance of ∂ŷ(x)/∂x_i be constant on circles (v=2), spheres (v=3) or hyperspheres (v ≥ 4) at the design origin. These estimates of the derivatives would then be equally reliable for all points (x₁,x₂,...,x_v) equidistant from the design origin. This property is called as slope rotatability (Hader and Park (1978)). Anjaneyulu et al (1995-2000) introduced Third Order Slope Rotatable Designs. Anjaneyulu et al(2004) introduced and established that TOSRD(OAD) has the additional interesting property that the sum of the variance of estimates of slopes in all axial directions at any point is a function of the distance of the point from the design origin. In this paper we made an attempt to construct Variance-Sum Third Order Slope Rotatable in four levels.

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Management of asthma is challenging as it involves understanding the causes and avoiding issues that are many and varied from person to person. Moreover, it is difficult for physicians to constantly monitor the health of many patients and the natural causes at the same time; or to obtain sufficient information about the environment in which the patient lives. So our proposed system is aimed at developing the smart monitoring system for asthma patients. This system is based on constant measure of CO2 and dust level in atmosphere using sensors and the IOT model is used to push the notification in smart phone which notifies the level of CO2 and dust in atmosphere.

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Generally ordinary Portland cement is using in concrete for construction. It results in the increase of cement demand. Production cement results in the emission of carbon dioxide (CO₂) in equal amount from the industries. About 7% of world emission CO₂ was produced from cement industries. Which shows serious effect on environment results in global warming and greenhouse effect etc. To overcome this issues replacing concrete with geopolymers which are rich in silica and alumina. Fly ash and GGBS based geopolymer concrete of different molarities (5M, 7M &9M) was casted. Sample cubes (150mmx150mmx150mm) of GPC were placed in oven immediately after demoulding for curing up to 20hrs duration. Cubes were cured at different temperatures (50^oC, 60^oC, 70^oC, 80^oC & 90^oC) for a constant period. After curing in oven cubes moved room for normal curing period. Workability test, NDT, compressive strength test were performed. Workability decreases with increase in molarity of alkaline solution. Different molarity GPC has different optimum strength and optimum temperatures. The slump cone test was carried to review the workability of concrete. After curing period of seven days and 28 days the UPV test, rebound hammer test and compressive test were performed. Concluded that different molarity GPC attains maximum strength at different temperature conditions. Test results show that the 5M & 7M GPC has optimum temperature of 70C, optimum temperature of 9M GPC is 60C.

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Living in an era where technology is growing so fast one should not forget about maintaining the balance of the environment. Due to high demand in the production and mobility sector across the globe, it is now a challenging task to provide a source of energy along with a healthy environment and higher efficiency. The research on AWE’s started in the mid-seventies and It took a rapid boost in the last few decades. Various models for the AWE’s have been developed and tested by the researchers. In this paper, we have researched the Ground Generation Airborne wind energy system. Airborne wind energy can be produced in different ways but we have chosen the Ground generation Airborne system considering its high efficiency than other types. This paper comprises of Design, Objective, Calculation, and Methodology for the Ground generation AWES.

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In the day-to-day management of the firm, it's essential to manage the inventory so on maintain the proper supply of products at the proper time. Too much and too low inventories bring down the extent of profitability of a corporation. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain a proper level of inventory. In this paper, we focus on the inventory management of an automobile spare part shop. This study aims to reduce inventory variable costs, spot the key factors that influence finished inventory management practices, investigate efficient and effective inventory management approaches. The methodology uses various Operations Research (OR) tools like ABC Analysis, EOQ models, safety stock & replenishment policies.

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This abstract is about an Android Application for the Safety of Women and this app can be simply activated by a long press on volume up key , whenever need arises. A long press on volume key this app identifies the location of places through GPS and sends a location and messages and call on the registered contact to help the one in dangerous situations. It captures audio and video of the user’s surroundings and sends it to the registered contacts along with an alert message.

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From the ancient time we know earthquake is a disaster causing occasion. Up to date days constructions are fitting increasingly narrow and extra inclined to sway and consequently detrimental within the earthquake. Researchers and engineers have worked out within the past to make the constructions as earthquake resistant. After many functional reports it has proven that use of lateral load resisting methods in the constructing configuration has drastically increased the performance of the structure. In the present analysis, a residential building is analyzed with columns, columns with inverted v Bracings for G+14 building. The building is analyzed in both static & dynamic analysis and the results of Displacement, Storey shear, Moment, Base moment, Base shear were compared for different load combinations in static & dynamic analysis, results of critical load combination are noted. In dynamic analysis response spectrum method is carried out for the building. The building is analyzed in condition i.e,, in ZONE- 4 & 5 in three soils and the results of different heights are noted as stated above. A commercial package of ETABS 2013 has been utilized for analyzing residential building. The result has been compared using tables & graph to find out the most optimized solution. Concluding remark has been made on the basis of this analysis & comparison tables.

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In this system an automatic meter reading system is designed using IOT Technology. The embedded micro controller is interfaced with the ESP8266 Module. This setup reads energy consumption data based on which the consumption data is calculated. This controller calculates the data and transfers that data to IOT Module. The IOT will provide the remote communication of the EB reading data to the remote EB server. The system or the EB sever generates the customer bill in every two months once as per government norms based on power usage of the customer. Then the used unit rate values are verified by EB official. According to the readings, the billing information also can be viewed by the authorized customer. If the bill due exceeds a particular period and customer doesn’t pay bill on-time, the power supply to the corresponding home can be disconnected by the authority by accessing the control provided on the server. Once the payment of bill is done the power supply is given to the customer through IOT server page. Power management concept is introduced, in which during the restriction mode only limited amount of power supply can be used by the customer.

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