Banana is a major fruit crop cultivated in South Gujarat followed by mango. In Gujarat, banana ranks first in production and second in area among fruit crops. The climate of South Gujarat is highly suitable for banana crop. Thus, the area 51.50 % (36142 ha) and production 54.08 % (2493293 MT) of banana crop was highest among the other regions of Gujarat in the year 2018-19. The study was carried out estimated the CAGR and instability index in area, production and productivity of banana crop for a period of 15 years (2004-05 to 2018-19). The exponential function was used to analyze the compound annual growth rate and Cuddy-Della Valle index was used to analyze the instability index. The CAGR was found significantly increasing in area, production and productivity at the rate of 3.07, 4.31 and 1.19 per cent per annum, respectively. Instability index was found between low range (0-15 %) i.e., quite high in area (11.59 %) followed by production (10.95 %) and productivity (3.14 %). The all three variables were found statistically significant.

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With the development of smart cities, due to the increase in population there is an increase in the complexity of solid waste management from the point of collection to the disposal. IoT-enabled waste collection and transportation can bring in various advantages over the conventional waste collection system. Specifically, municipal corporations can use IoT to track and monitor the level of trash in each bin. Conversion of normal garbage to smart bins, tracking of garbage pickup trucks, route optimization for trucks, cross-checking of garbage weight, type of waste, etc. can efficiently address the challenges of enforcement and transparency with the help of IoT-enabled sensors. This will help the cities lower some of their fuel needs and also decrease the overall cost by at least 30 % of the total required for the conventional waste method. In the long run, IoT-enabled solid waste management system can bring significant value to the rest of the lifecycle stages and can also be very helpful for the authorities to accelerate their smart city plans.

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In this paper, we introduce a new software product for handling activities that take place inside the coaching institute and the automation part of this software would involve data capture and maintenance of details on the Institute, Faculties, Students, and tasks in the overall management of the institute, & Due to manual maintains lots of faults are occurred so needed to replace existing system by this automated software system. Our institute helps the students to develop effective coaching skills, Gain confidence, increase motivation, and improve performance. It provides effective reading and learning strategies based on their course to students and also to learn appropriate testing strategies based on courses, and increase the motivation to reach short term and long term coaching goals.

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Mechanical properties, such as compreessive, flexural and tensile splitting strength, considering an additional 10% volume of SF Geo-polymer concrete, as recommended by international codes, to partially replace slag cement to partially to medium strength, Geo-polymer concrete has not been investigated. till now. The present study investigates the mechanical properties of medium strength SF geo-polymer concrete made according to this construction practice by partial replacement of slag cement. The effect of SF on the strength of compreessive, flexural and tensile splitting of rigid Geo-polymer concrete is investigated. Seven geo-polymer concrete mixes are prepared by replacing Portland slag cement (PSC) partially with SF from 0 to 30%. The Indian standard recommends reducing the target strength of conventional Geo-polymer concrete in terms of water-to-cement ratio (w / c). In the present study, to propose the relation of compreessive strength with water-cement ratio, the behavior of RCA Geo-polymer concrete prepared from two samples of parent geo-polymer concrete with different age groups is investigated. The effect of age and number of recycling on properties such as capillary water absorption, drying shrinkage stress, air content, flexural strength and tensile splitting strength of RCA Geo-polymer concrete are investigated. And the compreessive strength gradually decreases with the number of recycling.

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Environmental concern and availability of petroleum fuels have caused interest in the search for alternative fuels for internal combustion engine. Many alternate fuels are tried by various researches. Based on literature review it is found that for diesel engine, Bio Diesel is most promising fuel. In this project works prospects and opportunities of utilizing palm oil-diesel blend ratio as fuel in HCCI engine is going to be studied by varying engine loads. Also based on experimentation an optimum blend and engine parameters are to be suggested for obtaining better performance and emission control. The properties of these can be compared favourably with the characteristics required for internal combustion engine fuels specially diesel engine. The experiment is to be done by using various engine load with various fuels like palm oil biodiesel-diesel and its blend at different proportion. To Improve the Performance and Emission Characteristics and Reduce the Pollutant emission. The experiment analysis such as engine performance like Break Thermal Efficiency, Fuel consumption, Specific Fuel Consumption, Break Power, Exhaust Emission to be finding out and Compared to Palm oil biodiesel and Diesel.

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In the recent trends Metal Matrix Composites (MMCs) are increasingly becoming a new class of material in aerospace, automobile applications. Since their properties can be tailored through the addition of selected reinforcements, superior strength to weight ratio, wear and high temperature resistance. In the present study Aluminum 2024 alloy, Graphene and Boron Carbide (B4C) were taken as matrix and reinforcement respectively. The Microstructure and Mechanical properties investigation of Aluminum 2024, Graphene and Boron Carbide (B4C) composites containing the different weight percentages 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75% and 1% of Graphene and 10% of boron by means of Stir Casting Technique. The structural properties of the prepared composite are observed using Scanning Electron Microscope. The Mechanical properties of the prepared composites like Tensile strength are determined by Universal testing machine, Hardness is determined by Brinell hardness test machine.

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Now a day’s electricity is most needed facility for the human being. All the conventional energy resources are depleting day by day. So we have to shift from conventional to non-conventional energy resources. In this the combination of two energy resources is takes place i.e. wind and solar energy. This process reviles the sustainable energy resources without damaging the nature. We can give uninterrupted power by using hybrid energy system. Basically this system involves the integration of two energy system that will give continuous power. Solar panels are used for converting solar energy and wind turbines are used for converting wind energy into electricity. This electrical power can utilize for various purpose. Generation of electricity will be takes place at affordable cost. This paper deals with the generation of electricity by using two sources combine which leads to generate electricity with affordable cost without damaging the nature balance.

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There has been an increased incidences of fire and fire related damages all across the world. There has also been an increase in the number of forest fires across the world. Studies show that the wildfires are becoming increasingly powerful and deadlier in the recent years. The increase in the number of incidences across the world warrants the implementation of an effective fire mitigation strategy to combat such occurrences. The first step for the prevention and reduction of such instances is the detection of fire in a timely and effective manner. Therefore, there is the need for a fire detection system that is highly accurate and can be reliable as a fire detection system. The conventional approaches towards fire detection utilize expensive sensors that are slow to respond and have a large error of detection. This survey paper outlines effective techniques that have been used for the purpose of achieving fire detection. The analysis of the approaches have been effective in the design of our methodology that utilizes the paradigm of Convolutional Neural Networks and Decision Tree. This approach will be elaborated further in the upcoming editions of this research.

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This paper describes the design of a smart, motorized, voice controlled rover for military using embedded system. Proposed design supports voice activation system for military for save our country from enemy incorporating manual operation. This paper represents the “voice controlled rover for military where the voice command controls the movements of the rover. The voice command is given through a cellular device having Bluetooth and the command is transferred and converted to string by the BT Voice Control for Arduino and is transferred to the Bluetooth Module SR-04connected to the Arduino board for the control of the Wheelchair. For example, when the user says „Go‟ then rover will move in forward direction and when he says „Back‟ then the rover will move in backward direction and similarly „Left‟, „Right‟ for rotating it in left and right directions respectively and „Stop‟ for making it stop. This system was designed and developed to save cost, time and energy of the patient. Ultrasonic sensor is also made a part of the design and it helps to detect obstacles lying ahead in the way of the rover that can hinder the passage of the wheelchair.

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In today's world everything is getting modernized. Agriculture fields are slowly destroying and these lands are used for some other purpose. This is because the income from agriculture is less although the work involved is high. Most of the field work is done manually and so the farmers depend on the field workers for doing it. Because of the higher pay offered in other sectors like construction, workers prefer those jobs and so agricultural sector takes shortfall of manpower. This being the scenario, workers are not available for the works such as plucking out the unwanted grass and weeds growing in between the plants. It is very important to pluck out the grass and weeds in order to obtain fruitful results from the cultivation, as the grasses and weeds observe a part of nutrition given to the plants. Given the present situation, removing weeds becomes a costlier affair. In order to address this problem, this project proposes a simple, economical and efficient machine to remove the weed, which would be operated by a single person – savings of labour as well as time. The machine has been designed, fabricated and tested with the solar powered.

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Nowadays, Technology is changing very quickly in every sector that is effective also in banking and finance sector. It changes good as well as few problematic to handle. Customer’s requirements are easy to handle and it manages cyber risks in banking and finance sector. banking and finance frauds are increases so cyber security act as a main and important role to avoid this or quickly solve it. hacking and cracking are two methods that harmful for banking system. Basically, Unauthorized entry into a network that is called hacking and Cracking is used to breach computer security system. It used in a criminal sense. hence Cyber security is used to protect data in banking sector.

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In combat in opposition to the covid-19, social distancing has been validated to be a completely powerful measure to slow down the unfold of the disorder. Human beings are asked to restrict their interactions with each different, lowering the chances of the virus being spread with physical or near touch. In beyond additionally synthetic intelligence/deep gaining knowledge of has shown promising consequences on some of the everyday existence issues. In this proposed system we can see the detailed clarification of the way we will use python, laptop imaginative and prescient and deep getting to know to reveal social distancing at public locations and places of work. To make certain social distancing protocol in public places and place of business, the social distancing detection device that could reveal if humans are maintaining a secure distance from each different through analyzing actual-time video streams from the digital camera, tracking people at offices, factories, stores we can combine this device to their protection camera systems and might monitor whether human beings are maintaining a safe distance from every different or now not.

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As we know villages are biggest and most important part in indian population and economy, but unfortunately most of them are underdeveloped prime reasons being poverty, lack of education, poor management of resources and many others. In this paper we are suggesting a IOT technology based approach that can help those villages to rise their quality of life by providing solutions to key problems in rural area Electricity and garbage collection being some of the important issues in village areas therefore our approach suggest sensor based street light systems controlled by ZigBee along with smart trash collection systems to make villages smart and efficient.

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The performance of a radiator depends on the coolant used in it for the transfer of heat. Water and ethylene glycol are the conventional fluids used in radiator as a coolant. The thermal conductivity of the nanofluids is found to be more than these conventional coolants. Their use in the radiator enhances the heat transfer performance. In this paper the effect of different nanofluids on the performance parameters of the radiator is covered from different literatures. The size of nanoparticles, the shape of nanoparticles and the concentration of nanofluid plays an important role in the heat transfer. From different literatures it is observed that the Nusselt number and heat transfer coefficient increases with the use of the nanofluids. With the use of the nanofluids the reduced size of the radiator is achieved with the same or better thermal performance than the base fluids.

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The need for renewable energy sources is on the rise because of the acute energy crisis in the world today. India plans to produce 100 Gigawatts Solar power by the year 2020 under JNNSM. Solar energy is a vital untapped resource. The main hindrance for the penetration and reach of solar PV systems is their low efficiency and high capital cost. In this, we examine a schematic to extract maximum obtainable solar power from a PV module and use the energy for a DC and AC application. Integration of photovoltaic system with the diesel generator as a backup system is being escalated worldwide to minimize the consumption of fossil fuel resources. The hybrid power generation bring into productive action only by employing a suitable strategic control in operation of connected system. In this dissertation, the main objective is to deal with a control strategy that was developed to control the operation of diesel generator and charging/discharging of the battery storage system. The controlling action was detailed in such a way that it coordinates when the power is generated by the solar panel and when to operate the diesel generator and the battery so that the demands of the local utilities in the remote areas should be met with the installed generating system. The main focus in the management strategy of PV/diesel-battery hybrid system is to make the maximum usage of the renewable resource with battery storage system while making the operation of diesel generator in adverse conditions. The management strategy is described in detail through the data flow chart that narrates the different modes of operation considering the variant solar radiations.

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This paper presents a study in construction industry to improve the safety performance. The main objective of this study is to identify the critical success factors which are responsible for the implementation of safety management in construction projects. This study was carried out by conducting questionnaire survey among the contractors and clients of various construction projects, for testing their experience in safety management system. Questionnaire survey was analysed using SPSS software. The results of the study revealed that there are many safety problems in the construction industry, such as lack of knowledge about the necessity of earth connection for power tools and lack of knowledge about cables protect from mechanical damages. Furthermore, the study also proposes some recommendations for safety in construction industry.

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In India, seismic study of steel structures couldn’t be done because of lack of theoretical and practical studies in engineers and researchers. So, in this review paper we studied about the performance based analysis of steel structures according to IS 1893:2016. We studied the steel structure with different systems and plans using different software. The behaviour of steel structure under the action of seismic effect, could suffer a considerable degree of freedom in the direction of Seismic load. Steel is by far most useful material in construction and played an important role in last few decades. It must necessary to analyze and design a structure to perform well under seismic loads and also endow with well strength, stability and ductility for seismic design. The seismic performance of a multi-story steel frame structure is analyzed according to the provision of current Indian code (IS 800-20007), seismic data and seismic factor from Indian code (IS1893-2016). Few guidelines like Applied Technology Council (ATC40) and Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA356) have used. The study of Steel Structures with different plan configuration is very essential now a day, as it will help to understand the behaviour of the structure in certain circumstances.

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As industrial motor and generators has continuous long-term operation may be in years hence, like any piece of industrial equipment it needs maintenance, scheduled periodic visual inspections for optimal machine performance. The project aims for design of motor with on board system which will be capable of self-lubrication and cleaning itself while in running condition automatically, also as cooling plays major role in durability, rating and efficiency of drive hence to remove heating spots problem the device will be equipped with latest hydrocarbon cooling system as well as provision for liquid coolant based forced cooling system. Also, device is to be equipped with automatic lubrication system for lubrication of most stressed parts of an industrial drive which are subject to regular wear & tear which may lead to failure of device. Complete system is autonomous & runs its operation as per set standards as well as demand-based requirement for efficient run of drive using microcontroller & sensors. Successful long-term operation of dc motors and generators, like any piece of industrial equipment, needs maintenance. For cleaning and maintenance, the motor either have vents or else a technician manually disassembles the motor & do the maintenance work which is time consuming and cannot be done while motor under operation, this leads to loss of service. Also due to improper or prolonged maintenance the system deteriorates and may subject to failure. In traditional system the lubrication of brush movement, bearings, bushings are done either at installation or at time of maintenance but with time it gets consumed and the start wear and tear and are most common subject to failure of drive.

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Online “VENUE BOOKING SYSTEM” is a web based application that works within a centralized network. This project presents a review on the software program “Seminar Hall Booking System” as should be used in a Hall Booking system, a facility which is used to reserve Halls, cancellation of reservation and different types of route enquiries used on securing quick reservations.(MYSQL) is built for managing and computerizing the traditional database, Structured Systems Analysis and Design Methodology (SSADM),Data Analytics was adopted. In addition, HTML, CSS, JAVA SCRIPT language was used for the front-end of the software while the back end was designed using MySQL, JavaScript. It is recommended that despite the present functionality of the designed software, an additional functionality such as the use of Email to send Hall Bookings and notifications to the User about status of a bookings and approval and highly authenticated process should be implemented into the system.

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Basically recommendation system generates based on profiles of users news benefits based on their past historical browsing behavior for such users who connected with the system recently as well as explicitly allowed web history. To produce personalized news recommendations, combine the information filtering mechanism with the user profiles experienced with the current collaborative filtering mechanism. To build a customized news recommendation system, use the popular micro blogging service using Facebook. The proposed research provides online news recommendation using hybrid machine learning algorithm. System initially deals with Natural language Processing (NLP) to extract the features and train the module respectively. The system can recommend the news based on user personalized history, various dataset have been evaluate to measure the performance analysis of system which provides better prediction accuracy than other recommendation systems.

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The effect of cryorolling and cold rolling on tensile strength and hardness of Al 6101 alloy have been investigated in the present work. The Al 6101 alloy was rolled in two high rolling mills for different thickness reduction (10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%) at cryogenic (liquid nitrogen) temperature and at atmospheric temperature and its mechanical properties were studied by using tensile testing and hardness. The microstructure characterization of the tensile failure specimen was carried out by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It is observed that the tensile strength and hardness of cryorolled material up to 40 % thickness reduction have increased compare to the cold rolling. The improved tensile strength and hardness of the cryorolled Al 6101 alloy is due to grain refinement, decreasing dimple size with increasing the percentage of thickness reduction and ultra-fine grain (100nm

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This work gives optimized solution to make feasible Elevator application in heavy lifting and passing in coal and car gorals cargos. Rotary drum to be optimized with putting same diameter as required. Design is planned with casting stiffening links patterned circularly in round drum to form complete hollow drum its replacing side disc of drum to make lightweight, loading conditions are put by considering maximum loads. Drum behavior is analyzed in ansys tool in variations of degree of rotation from 0 to 360 degree. Finally conclusion will be opting to make optimization feasible or not. We form few variants in design and compare results with each other. Finally the best drum design is found and from results it is found feasible in working also in manufacturability.

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Voice cloning is a highly desired feature for personalized speech interfaces. Recent speech synthesis systems can generate speech with natural sounding voices. The voice cloning technology involves using various speech waveforms recognition algorithms and synthesis. It is an application of machine learning where the system is trained to adapt to the newly introduced voice and be able to produce the output speech with the same voice. In this paper, we describe an overview of various advancements and features of the voice cloning technology.

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This project introduces the Blood Assurance System. The Blood Assurance System maintains the blood availability and person with required blood type availability and persons with required blood type availability in certain database. It contains the detail of persons who register for donating blood. It maintains the detail of person of user’s earlier activity. It provides enquiry regarding type of blood that is required. The main aim to facilitate people around the country by giving them easy and fast access to blood bags and if not available then we will provide them contact details of the donors so it will be convenient for them in case of emergency. The donor can directly help the patient or a person who needs the blood in emergency. This website will be faster than the offline services and anyone can register to our websites and can have the blood with required blood group. The website will be available to everyone for 24 hours and through different cities blood availability is.

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Robotics has been a staple of advanced manufacturing for over half a century. As robots and their peripheral equipment become more sophisticated, reliable and miniaturized, these systems are increasingly being utilized for military and law enforcement purposes Mobile robotics play an increasingly important role in military matters, from patrol to dealing with potential explosives.

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