Different Congestion Control Methodologies in Wireless Sensor Networks and Reducing Congestion via Alternative Path Routing

The wireless sensor network consists of sensor nodes that have very limited battery power.In order to organize nodes efficiently for a long lifespan, clustering algorithm is demanded in WSNs to reduce redundant data transmissions and to save energy.. The purpose of paper is to achieve good quality of service in terms of increased throughput, low packet delivery ratio, low delay, and improved network lifetime by implementing congestion control techniques. A good quality of service is achieved by forming energy efficient cluster of nodes and selecting one node as cluster head. One cluster head can communicate with another head cluster and to the nodes within cluster to have good connectivity in the network. We proposed an algorithm to have the alternative path within the cluster so that in the event of congestion an alternative path will be available to the node preceding congested node to reduce the effect of traffic either due to congestion or node failure.