Advanced Control Strategies for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Based Electric Vehicle : A Technical Review

This paper provides a comprehensive review of advancements in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) drive systems, emphasizing their evolution and impact on electric vehicle (EV) efficiency and performance. It examines a range of PMSM control strategies, encompassing classical, modern, and intelligent control methods. Recent progress in EV technology underscores the importance of PMSMs, widely recognized for their high torque-to-current ratios, making them well-suited for precision-driven and energy-efficient applications such as EV propulsion. Among control techniques, Field Oriented Control (FOC) has become prominent due to its ability to deliver precise torque and speed management across various operational states. Enhancements in FOC, particularly through the integration of Fuzzy Logic, strengthen the system's robustness by addressing uncertainties and nonlinear characteristics within PMSM systems, thus optimizing overall responsiveness and performance. Current research highlights the critical role of intelligent control systems in managing the complex dynamics of PMSMs, with a focus on improved efficiency, adaptability, and reliability. Contemporary studies continue to explore the fusion of advanced control theories with practical implementation strategies to optimize PMSM functionality across diverse EV applications, positioning PMSM control systems as essential for future EV performance and sustainability.