Comprehensive Review of Antibacterial Properties of Lyocell Fiber with Silver Nanoparticles: Mechanisms, Functionalization Methods, and Potential Applications

Lyocell, a regenerated cellulose fiber produced through eco-friendly processes using renewable resources such as trees, bamboo, and straw, has gained significant attention since its commercialization in 1988. Renowned for its smooth texture, comfort, and excellent physical properties compared to viscose fiber. Lyocell is widely used in textiles, nonwoven materials, and medical applications. However, its lack of inherent antimicrobial properties limits its potential in medical fields. This review explores various strategies, including physical blending, chemical modification, and post-treatment methods, to enhance the antibacterial characteristics of Lyocell fibers. Incorporating antimicrobial agents like silver nanoparticles has proven effective in improving bacterial resistance. The discussion emphasizes the mechanism challenge aspect of the future of these approaches, showcasing their potential to develop advanced antibacterial Lyocell fibers for diverse applications.