Improved AODV for Load Balancing Using ABC (Artificial Bee Colony) Algorithm in MANET

Because of the growing demand for applications and the necessity for reliable data transmission, load balancing has become a significant focus of research within the field of mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). As we know that MANET is formed by number of mobile nodes and each node communicate with each other using bandwidth. In MANET, batteries are carried by each node with limited power, which in turn limits the applications given by the MANET. Ensuring a balanced distribution of traffic among mobile hosts is imperative in MANETs to mitigate several limitations. Without this balance, nodes experiencing heavy loads can lead to congestion, prolonged delays, and increased energy consumption, thereby escalating network costs. Completing tasks becomes challenging when nodes with limited processing capabilities bear a disproportionate load and lack the necessary resources for load distribution. The variability in computing or processing power across systems contributes to this load imbalance. Consequently, scenarios may arise where certain nodes remain idle while others are overwhelmed. Nodes with higher processing power tend to complete tasks quickly, often resulting in minimal or no load. Thus, the presence of idle under-loaded nodes highlights the undesirability of overloaded node there is lot of routing approaches developed for load balancing in mobile ad hoc networks. In the proposed work, ad hoc on –demand distance vector routing (AODV) protocol is used. This protocol functions reactively, minimizing broadcast volume by establishing routes based on demand, a feature not found in DSDV. The adjacent nodes in turn broadcast the particular packet to their area neighbour's and also the process proceeds until the packet extend to the particular destination spot. The performance of AODV is improved by using AODV in combination with ABC algorithm. ABC is an optimization technique that is used to improve the performance on the basis of population-based search procedure. After applying these two approaches, the performance parameters of the MANET like Throughput, delay, energy consumption and Bit error rate are determined.