Nutrigenomics And Personalized Nutrition the Future of Diet Therapy

Nutrition science has changed a lot—from offering general diet advice for everyone to now focusing on diets that are personalized based on a person's genes, body functions, and physical traits. This review looks at the growing field of nutrigenomics, which studies how nutrients interact with our genes, and how this knowledge can be used in personalized nutrition. The way diet therapy is used is now influenced by areas like genomics (study of genes), epigenetics (how behavior and environment affect gene expression), transcriptomics (study of RNA), and microbiome science (study of gut bacteria). These fields help create more specific and effective ways to prevent and manage long-term diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and heart disease. By combining high-tech “omics� tools (like genomics, proteomics, metabolomics) with computer-based data analysis and medical tools, personalized nutrition is becoming a part of a new healthcare model known as P4 medicine—which is predictive, preventive, personalized, and participatory. This review brings together current research, explains how genes and diets affect each other, highlights the latest methods being used in the field, and discusses the future possibilities and challenges in using nutrigenomics in both medical treatment and public health programs.