Water Management in Hill Area: An Overview

Water is very essential for humans, plants, and animals. Water is needed to ensure food security, feed livestock, maintain organic life, and take up industrial production and to conserve the biodiversity and environment. In India primary source of water is south-west and north east monsoon. There are only 9 weeks of rainy season in India, and other months are dry period of India .It is an agricultural base country and its economic development is also associated with agriculture. For agriculture the major limiting factor is water. A growing population and consequent need for increase in food production requiring increasing area of agricultural fields and irrigation are resulting in over use of water. Total 97 % percent of water comes through the hilly region but the hilly region faces a big problem for the water conservation to use it for drinking and irrigation purposes. Hills have terrence and slopes so all the water goes down to the bottom of the hill, by which the people of upper most and middle region of hills cannot utilize this water properly. So in this paper we present some technic and method for conservation of water for drinking and irrigation which is already being used but did not known by everybody.