Energy Efficient Routing Protocols in WSN: A Review Paper

Wireless sensor networks with hundreds of sensor nodes have emerged in recent years as important platforms for a wide spectrum of monitoring tasks ranging from environmental to military applications. A sensor network is a static ad hoc network which consists of hundreds of sensor nodes that can be deployed on the fly operation being not attended so the main design issue for a sensor network must be conservation of the energy available at each sensor node. Wireless Sensor Network depends on nodes have limited energy, computational power, memory , range and it is important to increase energy efficiency by saving the battery power so as to extend the life time of the given WSN deployment. Different protocols are used for energy consumption, in wireless sensor network. LEACH, TEEN, APTEEN, PEGASIS ,DEEC, DDEEC, EDEEC, BEENISH are energy- efficient protocols that balances the energy expense, saves the node energy and hence prolongs the lifetime of the network. This paper presents a detailed review and analysis of these energy efficient protocols.