Current Scenario of Hydraulic Energy& Its Utilization

The energy which comes from natural resources called Renewable energy resources. Renewable energy such as sunlight, wind, rain, tides and geothermal heat and hydropower storedin the nature free of cost. About 16% of global final energy consumption comes from renewable sources and about 3.4% from hydro power. The power derived from the energy of falling water and running water is called hydropower or water power. It is used to fulfill many purposes to ease the human life. In past years it is used for the irrigation purpose. And various processes like mechanical devices such as water mils, domestic lifts, power house, and textile mills. Ancient civilization viz. Mesopotamia and Egypt civilization water is used. This type of energy stored in the nature in the form of difference in water level or water falls. For utilization of such type of energy it must be stored in the form of kinetic energy and produce electricity. The device which converts such type of energy into electricity is called turbine. The turbine consists of blade in which falling water (from dam or high fall) impact and shaft is rotated which is connected to the shaft of generator and produce electricity. Water power is represented by hydrology. Hydrology energy stored in riverbed and river banks. Hydraulic systems are used to transfer energy by converting mechanical energy to fluid energy, and then back to mechanical energy. The principle reason for converting to fluid energy is the convenience of transferring energy to a new location. Hydraulic drives have many advantages over other technologies. The ratio of weight, volume and inertia to available power is significantly lower than in electromechanical drives, especially for linear motion. The dynamic performance is superior when compared to electrical or electrical-mechanical drive systems in large power drive systems. In India scope of water power is more generally watermills and waterwheels made in India. China uses such type of devices like watermill and waterwheel from Han Dynasty.