Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm with Changeable Length for Wireless Sensor Network Deployment

In this paper, a sensor node deployment approach is proposed that uses multi-objective evolutionary algorithm to find the sensors location and the number of sensors required for minimum energy consumption and cost constraint to full coverage. The node deployment should be cost-effective. The cost depends upon the number of sensing devices deployed and the area at which node is deployed. The number of sensor nodes has direct impact on the deployment of the sensor network. Thus, optimum number of sensors should be kept in mind while optimizing the various network preliminaries like energy consumption, network coverage and connectivity. In this paper, the network consists of two types of nodes: clusterheads and the sensor nodes. Both have same sensing capabilities. For this type of network, the objectives are to completely cover monitoring area using minimum number of nodes with minimum energy consumption and cost in an efficient manner through deterministic deployment of such sensors.