Review on Robotic Surgery

The field of surgery is undergoing a big change, spurred on by remarkable advances in surgical technology. Recently, we have robotic systems built their way into the operating room as dexterity-enhancing surgical assistants in answer to surgeons’ needs for ways to overcome the surgical limitations of minimally invasive laparoscopic surgery. The 1st generation of surgical robots is being installed in a variety of operating rooms around the world already. These are not real autonomous robots; instead they are just lending a mechanical helping hand to surgeons. The actual methods by which these surgical robots are controlled are Remote control and voice activation methods. The Robotic surgical system helps surgeons to eliminate gallbladders and perform other surgical procedures while seated at a computer console and 3-D video imaging system across the operating room. The surgeon handles controls by their hands and fingers to coordinate a robotically controlled laparoscope. At the ends of the laparoscope are forward, articulating surgical instruments and miniature cameras that allow surgeons to peer into the body and perform the procedures. Robotic surgery makes use of Robots to perform surgery. Robotic surgery is different from a usual invasive surgery. Minimally invasive surgery (also called as laparoscopic surgery) is a general term for procedures that reduce trauma by performing operations through small ports rather than large incisions. Minimally invasive surgery is now common place for certain procedures. But till now, we haven't been able to use minimally invasive techniques for more difficult operations. With our trained and skilled surgeons and the robotic system, now we can use minimally invasive techniques in even the most complicated procedures like gastrointestinal surgery, Cardiac surgery, Neurosurgery, Urology, Gynecology, Orthopedics etc.