A Novel Approach for Underwater Sensor Network in 3D Environment which is decentralized and Distributed in Nature

In our earth 75% covered by water that could be river and ocean also. The underwater sensor network is enabling technology and become more and more popular for monitoring the oceans vast area. Underwater sensor Networks consist of a variable numerous sensors that are deployed to perform monitoring tasks over a given area. UWSNs are meaningfully various from terrestrial sensor networks because of specific characteristics of the high error probability, low bandwidth, high latency, limited energy and node float mobility. These features bring various challenges to the network protocol design of the Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks. Numerous routing protocols have been developed in the current years for these networks. The UWSNs provide continuous monitoring for various applications like ocean sampling network, pollution monitoring, submarine detection, disaster prevention, etc. In this paper, we discuss the internal architecture of underwater sensor; we discussed the literature of underwater sensor network. Underwater sensor nodes will discover applications in the oceanographic tactical surveillance, information collection, monitoring pollution, disaster prevention, offshore exploration and assisted navigation applications.