A Review Paper on Theoretical & Experimental Investigations of a Biogas Engine Technology

The gradual reduction of the petroleum reserves and increase of pollutant emissions have demanded the development of alternative and renewable energy sources which can help to reduce the current oil dependency in the field of Internal combustion engine(ICE). Utilization of natural gas in I.C. engine is an option to overcome some problems and various renewable energy sources are also available to overcome this energy crisis and biogas is an option for that and it is obtained from renewable sources. Biogas can be used in internal combustion (IC) engines, because of its better mixing ability with air and clean burning nature. It can be a supplemented to liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and compressed natural gas (CNG), if it is used in compressed form in cylinders. Lower hydrocarbon (HC), smoke and particulates emission has been reported in diesel engines operating on biogas diesel dual fuel mode. The paper reviews on significance of compression ratio, effect of concentration of methane in biogas engine, significance of ignition voltage and piston crown geometry on performance of biogas engine and its validation by CFD analysis.