Wireless Sensor Network for Secure Railway Operations

In recent years, the range of sensing technologies is expanding rapidly, whereas sensor devices have become cheaper. This has led to a rapid expansion in condition monitoring systems, structures, vehicles, and machinery using sensors. Key factor is the recent advances in networking technologies such as wireless communication and mobile ad-hoc networking coupled with the technology to integrate devices. Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) can be used for monitoring the railway tracks. Condition monitoring reduces human inspection requirements through automated monitoring. This reduces heavy maintenance through detecting faults before they escalate. This is vital for development, up-gradation, and expansion of railway networks. This paper describes the implementation of various models which shows how the hazardous accidents occur on railway tracks, and how it can be prevented using GSM protocol, micro-controller (Atmega328) and various sensors.