Review of Nature Inspired Technique for Minimize Energy Consumption in Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) consisting of spatially distributed autonomous devices using sensors to cooperatively monitor physical or environmental conditions. These are low cost, self-organized networks. These networks are infrastructure-less and self-configured to monitor various conditions such as temperature, sound, vibration, pressure, motion or pollutants. The data collected at sensor consumes more energy, but sensor nodes have only limited energy. In this paper, the clustering concept has been used by dividing the region into cells. This technique uses an ant colony optimization (ACO) and MRPSO to select the paths from source to destination node. The new algorithm can also be designed in such a way that low energy nodes do not take part in forwarding the route request messages to find a route to destination node. The proposed scheme minimize the energy consumption as compared to the existing.