Lifetime Enhancement using Artificial Bee Colony Technique in Wireless Sensor Network

Recent leading in micro-manufacturing technology have approve the evolvement of low-cost, low-power, multifunctional sensor nodes for wireless communication. It counts the environmental monitoring, intrusion detection, battlefield surveillance, and so on. In a wireless sensor network (WSN), how to maintain the finite power resources of sensors to spread the network lifetime of the WSN as long as feasible while performing the sensing and sensed data reporting tasks, is the most condemning issue in the network design. In a WSN, sensor nodes distribute the sensed data back to the sink through multi-hopping. The sensor nodes near to the sink will almost always waste more battery power than others; consequently, these nodes will quickly lose their battery energy and minimize the network lifetime of the WSN. Sink relocation is a skilled network lifetime spreading out method, which minimize the wastage of too much battery energy for a specific group of sensor nodes. In this paper, we propose an Artificial bee colony (ABC) optimization technique to overcome from the drawbacks of Energy Aware sink re-localization technique (EASR), which is a moving strategy for mobile sinks in WSNs. The proposed mechanism used for solving the coverage problem and uses the information related to the residual battery energy of sensor nodes to adaptively adjust the transmission range of sensor nodes and the relocating scheme for the sink and main motive to locate sensors, global main positioning system (GPS) is also used by which sensor knows their position.