IoT using Data Protocols: Issues and Performance

In current trend, IoT emerged as the most popular advancement of Internet and became a trending technology that incorporates Machine to Machine (M2M) communication. This communication makes use of Internet protocols and various devices such as smart sensors, actuators, LTE, WLAN etc. These devices are self-configurable that collaborate with each other for exchanging the data without the inclusion of human beings. The custom of IoT through M2M communication provides unique characteristics that expand to various applications such as smart home, smart supply chain, wearable’s, smart retail, military, smart farming, smart city, industrial internet, connected car, smart grids and connected health etc., which makes human lives simpler. Like network architecture, the IoT architecture also comprises three tired architecture-application tier, network tier and context-aware tier. This paper review only the application layer protocols of network tier of IoT. While the application tier, other layer of network tier and context-aware tier are out of the scope of this paper. Specifically, this paper reviews MQTT, MQTT-SN, AMQP, CoAP, XMPP, and DDS data protocols of IoT and compared these protocols with the challenging issues such as security, caching, resource discovery, support to QoS etc. Finally, we analysed the performance of these protocols with various metrics such as network packet loss rate, message size, bandwidth consumption and latency.