Performance Evaluation of Optimized Hierarchical Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Network

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) is composed of a large number of small nodes with limited functionality. The most important issue is this type of networks is energy constrains. In this area several researches have been done from which clustering is one of the most effective solutions, the goal of clustering is to divide network into sections each of which has a cluster head (CH).The task of cluster heads collection, data aggregation and transmission to the base station is undertaken. In this way the sensor nodes can reduce communication overheads that may be generated it each sensor node reports sensed data to the base station (BS) independently. Low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH) is the one of the most famous clustering mechanism. It elects a cluster, based on probability model. This approach may reduced the network lifetime because LEACH does not consider the distribution of sensor nodes and the energy remains of each node however using the location and energy information. Proposed LEACH-PSO by using functions and calculating overheads can be reduced and finally the parameters of sensor network can be prolonged to improve the efficiency of LEACH-PSO. The simulated results such as LEACH & LEACH-PSO are compared using network simulator (ns2) and evaluate the parameters like Latency, packet deliver ratio (PDR), Delay, Throughput.