Tribal Labour out Migration in Malda District, West Bengal: A Spatial Analysis

Migration is one of the major components in population change. It plays an important role in influencing the rate of growth of population in any region. People generally migrate for a better economic and social life. Hence, Migration plays a vital role for the transformation of a society. The main objectives of this paper is to examine the major causes of migration and seasonal and temporal pattern of migration of tribal communities in the study area, Malda district of West Bengal. Malda district is located in North Bengal. The study is based on both Primary and Secondary sources of data. The main causes of tribal peoples out migration are- Unemployment, Indebt, Poverty, lack of Industry in the study area. The study shows that about 90 per cent of the tribal population are concentrated in the Barind areas found in four blocks of Malda district namely Bamongola, Gazole, Habibpur and Old Malda. Most of the tribal peoples get their jobs under Dadon system. The highest per centage of interstate migration pattern has been reported in the study area. Most of the people are migrate to large urban centres of the country like Delhi, Mumbai, Punjab, Rajasthan, Haryana states.