The Main Factors That Cause Energy Consumption in Wireless Sensor Network

Wireless Sensor Networks have emerged as an important new are wireless technology. Due to advances in wireless communications and electronics, the development of net-works of low-cost, low-power, multifunction-al sensors have received increasing attention. These sensors are small in size and able to sense, process data, and communicate with each other. Transferring information in an energy efficient manner is critical to these sensor network. If each node transmits its sensed data directly to the base station then it will drop down its over quickly. So the problem is to minimize the energy consumption and increase the lifetime of wireless sensor network .The S-MAC protocol is solution where clusters are formed. Sensor Medium Access Control(S-MAC) protocol was described for sending data to the sink. Each node randomly decides whether or not to become a CH . Node that decides to become CH send a packet with its decision. Finally each node reports to the CH with the highest signal strength. The CHs assigned to each sensor have a time slot to report aggregated data received from individual sensors and send aggregated data directly to the sink. The selection of CHs is repeated periodically to balance energy consumption. In this proposal work cluster formation then clusters head selection, energy consumption, cluster throughput, total power and packet delivery ratio is implemented. Clusters head selection depends on maximum energy remaining after every transmission and receiving.