GSM Based POWR Theft Detection and over Load Protection in Power Lines

The electrical substation which supply the power to the consumers i.e. industries or domestic can have failures due to some faults like open or short circuit faults which can be temporary or permanent. These faults lead to substantial damage to the power system equipment. This project introduces hardware implementation to develop an automatic tripping mechanism for the single-phase supply system. The project output resets automatically after a brief interruption in the event temporary fault while it remains in tripped condition in case of permanent fault. Along with effective solutions for problems faced by India’s electricity distribution system such as power theft, and transmission line fault with the help of software module also incorporates different data aggregation algorithms needed for the different pathways of the electricity distribution system. The proposed system will trip the load in the event of the input voltage falling below/above a set value. Two comparators are used as window comparator formed out of one quad comparator IC. This delivers an error output if the input voltage to them crosses the range beyond the voltage window. A relay is then operated to cut off the load for safety reasons. An alarm, which sounds when the tripping takes place. It can also be enhanced by interfacing with a GSM modem to convey alert message to the user via SMS to take appropriate action.