A Study on Solar Stills for Desalination

Solar stills represent the foremost attractive and simple technique among all distillation processes. The Solar stills work by the simple concept of evaporation and condensation as a direct simulation of the greenhouse effect. Solar still is a device, which produces fresh water from either seawater or water by utilizing freely available solar energy. It utilizes the solar thermal energy for evaporation of the basin water. This paper represents the Classification of Solar still, factors affecting the Solar still productivity and working principle of Solar still. The method Desalination is ground brackish water by solar powered systems is a practical and promising technology for producing potable water in the regions, which suffers from water scarcity especially in arid areas. Desalination process is used to reduce Total Dissolved Solids (with TDS of 500p.p.m and above) to an acceptable level of TDS equal to 500p.p.m. The Solar stills are efficiently used in Industries, Hospitals and Dispensaries, Automobile workshops and Desalination.