Energy Efficiency Protocol for Wireless Sensor Network

Due to the resource limitations in wireless sensor networks such as low network bandwidth, short range of wireless communication, limited storage capacity and power supply, prolonging the network lifetime have received fabulous attention in recent years. One of the most challenging issues is related with the energy consumption during sensing and data transmission, since, sensor nodes are limited power. And it is also impractical to maintain the network lifetime by changing the battery frequently because in many environments it is either very difficult or not possible at all, to recharge sensor. Many routing protocol have been proposed for energy efficiency of both homogeneous and heterogeneous environment. An efficient routing technique is known as hierarchical routing based on clustering that enhances the network lifetime. This paper presents an overview of areas in WSN which can give rise to energy efficiency of node and how researcher have worked to prolonging the network lifetime. Also, this paper presents the comparison of the performance of different cluster-based routing protocols on the basis of different parameters.