Potential of Hydro Power Plant and Its Impact on Environment

This paper presents a survey report of hydro power plant in India. There are various renewable energy resources like sun, wind, water, ocean, tidal etc. Among all the source, hydro plant are emerging in the developing India. After non-renewable source like fossil fuel and nuclear, major part of the India is looking for the green energy. So for a long run point of view India Government have passed various plan and policy for the development of hydro. Since the report from IPCC on renewable energy (IPCC, 2012) was published; more studies on water consumption from hydropower have become available. The newly published studies do not, however, contribute to a more consistent picture on what the "true" water consumption from hydropower plants is. The dominant calculation method is the gross evaporation from the reservoirs divided by the annual power production, which appears to be an over-simplistic calculation method that possibly produces a biased picture of the water consumption of hydropower plants. This review paper shows that the water footprint of hydropower is used synonymously with water consumption, based on gross evaporation rates.