Review Paper on Effects of Soil-Structure Interaction on Bridge Structures

In the analysis of the bridges, the support condition generally is considered to be fixed base neglecting the effect of soil flexibility properties. Actual behaviour of structure cannot be assessed without considering realistic soil condition in terms of soil structure interaction (SSI) effects. SSI effects depend upon many parameters like soil subgrade modulus, dynamic properties of soil etc. During seismic action, dynamic properties of soil vary the seismic response of structural system. Flexibility of soil increases fundamental period of system, which in term changes the seismic response of structure and hence, it is an important parameter for design. The interaction among structure, their foundation and the soil media below foundation alter the real behaviour of structure significantly than what is obtained from consideration of structure alone. Thus, a reasonably accurate model for SSI system with computational validity, efficiency and accuracy is required for effective analysis and design of bridges. Bridges being lifeline structures, it should be designed with at most care and precision to let if function well during any disastrous calamities like earthquake. The present literature study is focused to obtain the idea about the significance of SSI effects on bridge response and the variation of its response with variation in its geometric and dynamic parameters. Thus, in this paper various previous studies are reviewed and the effect of SSI is evaluated.