Data Aggregation in Wireless Sensor Network

Wireless sensor network (WSN) refers to a collection of spatially isolated and dedicated sensors for observing and recording the physical conditions of the environment and forming the collected data at a central location. Sensor networks are event-based systems that differ from traditional communication networks in several ways. Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) consist of sensor nodes. These networks have huge application in habitat monitoring, disaster management, security and military, etc. Wireless sensor nodes are very small in size and have limited processing capability. Data aggregation is very crucial technique in wireless sensor networks. With the help of data aggregation we reduce the energy consumption by eliminating redundancy. In this paper we discuss about data aggregation and its various energy-efficient technique used for data aggregation in WSN. Different data aggregation techniques require varying amounts of energy to process raw data. The choice of data aggregation method depends on the application requirements as well as the relative energy savings obtained by using this method.