Experimental Studies on Performance and Emission Characteristics of Biodiesel in CI Engine

In 21st century energy demand was increased by reason of development of industries, population, amount of vehicles and power production plants, etc. But availability of fuel is not satisfied. In other routes to solve the energy demand and control the pollution under using of alternative fuels. The usage of fossil fuel is causes to more pollution, it will emits more amount of greenhouse gases and change environmental conditions. The use of biodiesel is one of the major solution for this kind of problems. The biodiesel has a characteristics like high degradability, no toxicity, low emission of greenhouse gases, it can be used in conventional compression ignitions engine, which needs no modifications. As well, biodiesel can be used as heating oil and as fuel. The Karanja oil is readily available in India and it has more potential to use as alternative fuel in diesel engine. As, far it has been done by transesterification process of karanja oil. More study is needed to analysis the performance and emission characteristics of biodiesel, additive used biodiesel. Similarly, the properties like calorific value, flash point, viscosity and fire point also going to study. Biodiesel can make a major contribution in the future if it meets the few percent of petroleum and it can provide improved fuel properties lower emission of unburned hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide but higher level of oxides of nitrogen.