Incorporating Artificial Intelligence and Blockchain in Smart Grid Energy Systems

Smart grid is like a revolution for the electrical sector and is an emerging field in the power industry. Many advanced techniques such as GIS, outage management systems (OMS), SAP CRM, distribution automation (DA), distribution management systems (DMS) and automated meter reading (AMR) help to integrate Artificial Intelligence and Power Electronics in the grid. Self-healing is quite a new concept in the power industry which helps the utilities to detect outages before the outages actually reach to the consumers. As far as renewable energy production is concerned, wind energy is the highest power producer but solar, biomass and small hydropower are also now present in significant amounts. With the help of power electronics, we are able to control the active and reactive power output voltage and speed of a squirrel cage induction motor quite efficiently. Some drawbacks of the Indian grid in the present scenario are that we import 80% of our oil and 50% of our gas requirements from other Gulf countries. The high transmission and distribution losses are another concern for the Indian grid systems because the losses are approximately 23% compared to 5-8% in other countries. India is trying to migrate to a transmission voltage of 1200 kV for enhancing the transmission capability of the line. India currently has an installed generation capacity of around 335 GW and a smart grid for transmission of this energy can provide a complete transformation to the Indian power scenario. This can solve the problem of un-electrified homes in India which are around 17% of the total number of homes. Supergrid have been the main topic of fervent research in which the grid carries both electricity and hydrogen. Conduction of electricity is very high and hydrogen is available to be used for energy storage or any other useful purpose.[1].