Collision Avoidance System

In order to avoid accidents on highway roads, it is essential to maintain safe distance between vehicles which is referred as "Inter-Vehicular Distance". A warning system should be employed inside the vehicle, so that the vehicle could sense the distance between other vehicles by using ultrasonic sensors on all the four sides of the car. This paper presents an ultrasonic automatic braking system for collision avoidance accompanied by comprehensive and suitable breaking depending upon the external conditions. This system consists of ultrasonic sensors which are made up of ultrasonic wave emitter and ultrasonic wave receiver. The ultrasonic wave emitter is provided in all the four directions of the car, producing and emitting ultrasonic waves in a predetermined distance from the car. Ultrasonic wave receiver is also placed besides the ultrasonic receiver, receiving the reflected ultrasonic wave signal from the obstacle. In order to get the distance between vehicle and the obstacle the reflected wave (detection pulse) is measured. A graphical LCD is used to display and alert the driver through an audio module about the incoming distance and threat of an accident. Then arduino is used to control the motor based on detection pulse information, and the motor in turn automatically controls the braking of the car. This paper presents the possible use of an accelerator pedal disengagement mechanism in this system. This solves the problem of safety in case of low visibility in an area.