A Review on Dynamic Power Management (DPM) Techniques in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN)

Mobile Ad-hoc networks (MANETs) are self-organized networks whose nodes are free to move randomly while being able to communicate with each other without the help of an existing network infrastructure. In MANET, the routing protocols have to route the packets depending on the MANET constraints such as battery power in addition to the shortest path. The limited battery supply to mobile node in MANET requires that the routing protocols utilize power efficiently and thus maximize the network life time. The energy aware deterioration in ad hoc networks is a very important aspect of the overall management of ad hoc networks. In this paper, the focus is on the reactive power-alert technique for communication between ad hoc network nodes by continuously alerting their energy status to neighbor nodes. Here the concentration is on reducing the energy consumption by proposing optimal path selection method. In this scheme a threshold value is set on the energy consumed by mobile nodes in ad-hoc network. If the energy level of any nodes in the network reaches a threshold level then such nodes are made inactive and inform other nodes not to establish connections with it in this sleep state. In this paper, experimental results and a comparative analysis are presented based on the use of this threshold. The result shows significant improvement in the throughput and routing load which in turn increases the lifetime of the network. In wireless sensor network, nodes are usually powered by batteries with limited amount of energy. This paper uses an Ad Hoc on Demand Multipath Routing Protocol for finding multiple paths to transfer the data from source node to destination node. The proposed work performed the energy efficient routing, when the sink node (base station) is in static state and all other neighbor nodes are in mobile state. Here gateway node acts as a relay for transmitting data from one group of node to another group. The performance of Ad hoc on Demand Multipath Routing Protocol is compared with Ad Hoc on Demand Distance Vector Routing Protocol. The simulation result shows that the proposed energy efficient routing algorithm consumes low energy and gives high throughput.