An Analysis of Hazardous Air Pollutant Emissions of Different Casting Materials, Using Furan Resin As Binder with Reclaimed Sand and Its Effect on Environment

We have conducted TG–MS (Thermo-gravimetric analyzer pyrolysis–mass spectrometer) tests to reveal the temperature pattern or code where the major HAP (Hazardous Air Pollutant) species were released. We have used five casting materials for these tests. These materials were heated to a temperature of 1000 o C with the raising temperature rate of 20 °C/min. the whole process was carried out in a thermo-gravimetric analyzer (TG). During the process some HAP were emitted which we have monitored and recorded for different different material with the help of an online mass spectrometer during the heating process.As we have shown here in figure 1, TG-MS analysis, all five casting materials shown different different emission profiles. In general cases, HAP material would be emitted from the casting materials through two main mechanisms, (a) Evaporation (b) Thermolysis. At low temperatures like 150 to 200 °C evaporation occurred For example, phenol released from the two PUB binders in the beginning at temperatures of approximately 150 °C. At higher temperature like 250°C to 400°C Thermolysis of the casting materials occurred, For example, Thermolysis of cellulose begin at 250°C and Thermolysis of Bituminous coal started at 360°C. At relatively higher temptrature like 500°C to 1000°C, devolatilization was usually completed and minimal HAP emissions were released at higher temperatures than that during the TG-MS analyses. Here we have used furan resin as a binder mixed up with reclaimed sand and fresh molding sand to see its effect on environment and emission of HAPs, PAHs, BTEX in this particular case when it is thermally decomposed during casting process.