Utilization of Light Weight Building Structure Foam Concrete: A Review

Multi-storied buildings are indispensable in urban areas due to the high cost of land, shortage of open space and scarcity of lands. Many times these multi-storey buildings are built with regular concrete, steel and other materials where the loads are high and require heavy structures and cost may not be effective. The use of lightweight foam concrete will reduce the dead load of a structure, which then allows the structural designer to reduce the size of the columns, footings, and other load-bearing elements. Structural lightweight concrete mixtures can be designed to achieve similar strengths as normal-weight concrete. We have considered a regular eight commercial building as part of the project. Then we developed the building frame model and analyzed and designed the structural elements such as columns, beams, slab and staircases by considering vertical loads. Concrete structures are prone to earthquake due to the mass of the structures. the primary use of structural lightweight concrete (SLWC) is to reduce the dead load of a concrete structure, which allows the structural designer to reduce the size of the structural members like a beam, column, and footings which results in a reduction of earthquake forces on the structure. In this paper we are review publications related to light weight structure techniques using foam concrete.